V5 is a family of telephone network protocols defined by ETSI which allow communications between the telephone exchange, also known in the specifications as the local exchange (LE), and the local loop. With potentially thousands of subscribers connected to the LE there is the problem of physically managing thousands of wires out to the local subscribers (and the costs associated with that). Prior to the specification of V5 the manufacturers of exchange equipment had proprietary solutions to the problem. These solutions did not inter-operate and meant being tied into a single manufacturer’s method at each exchange.
V5 provided a standard set of protocols from the subscriber to the LE. The AN (or Access Network) was defined as a reference point. Signalling between this point and the LE was standardised and therefore allowed a multiple vendor solution, provided the specifications were followed. This resulted in a single link (or in the case of V5.2 multiple links) from the AN to the LE, reducing the need for many lines along this point (or more likely no need for a proprietary solution to manage the single link). The final link to the local loop remained the same with digital signalling (ISDN) and analogue signalling for basic telephony (also known as POTS in the industry).
The protocols are based on the principle of common-channel signaling where message-based signalling for all subscribers uses the same signalling channel(s) rather than separate channels existing for different subscribers.
V5 comes in two forms:
V5.1 (ETS 300 324-1) in which there is a 1 to 1 correspondence between subscriber lines and bearer channels in the aggregate link to the exchange. A V5.1 interface relates to a single aggregate E1 (2 Mbit/s) link between a multiplexer and an exchange.
V5.2 (ETS 300 347-1) which provides for concentration where there are not enough bearer channels in the aggregate link(s) to accommodate all subscribers at the same time. A single V5.2 interface can control up to 16 E1 links at once and can include protection of the signalling channels.
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CeX Ltd. is a second hand goods chain based in the United Kingdom specialising in technology, computing and video games. It was established in 1992 in London, and has since grown to have more than 350 stores in the UK and over 100 abroad.
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Eve Online (stylised EVE Online) is a space-based, persistent world massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) developed and published by CCP Games. Players of Eve Online can participate in a number of in-game professions and activities, including mining, piracy, manufacturing, trading, exploration, and combat (both player versus environment and player versus player). The game contains a total of 7,800 star systems that can be visited by players.
The game is renowned for its scale and complexity with regards to player interactions — in its single-shard game world, players engage in unscripted economic competition, warfare, and political schemes with other players. The Bloodbath of B-R5RB, a battle involving thousands of players in a single star system, took 21 hours and was recognized as one of the largest and most expensive battles in gaming history. Eve Online was exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art with a video including the historical events and accomplishments of the playerbase.
Eve Online was released in North America and Europe in May 2003. It was published from May to December 2003 by Simon & Schuster Interactive, after which CCP purchased the rights and began to self-publish via a digital distribution scheme. On January 22, 2008, it was announced that Eve Online would be distributed via Steam. On March 10, 2009, the game was again made available in boxed form in stores, released by Atari. In February 2013, Eve Online reached over 500,000 subscribers. On November 11, 2016, Eve Online added a limited free to play version.
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Boise Cascade Company (NYSE: BCC), which uses the trade name Boise Cascade, is an American manufacturer and distributor of lumber and building materials headquartered in Boise, Idaho.
Boise Cascade Wood Products manufactures plywood, engineered wood products, lumber, and particleboard and supplies a broad line of wood products and building materials through Boise Cascade Building Materials Distribution’s 33 distribution locations. A public company, it is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol BCC.
The Boise Cascade logo, designed in the 1960s, depicts a pine tree inside the containing circle. The company is run by Tom Corrick, formerly Boise Cascade’s executive vice president in charge of Wood Products.
The company is not affiliated with the Canadian paper company Cascades.
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BitInstant was a bitcoin exchange start-up based in New York City. Founded in 2011 by Gareth Nelson and Charlie Shrem, BitInstant provided a means to rapidly pay traditional funds to bitcoin exchanges. As of January 2014, BitInstant’s website is no longer available, displaying only a blank page. Its blog was unavailable as of October 31, 2014.
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One Nevada (ON Line) is a 235-mile (378 km), 500-kilovolt, 600-megawatt (800,000 hp) power line that runs from Southern to Northern Nevada. 25% of the transmission line is owned by NV Energy which operates and offers the line’s capacity under the terms of NV Energy’s Open Access Transmission Tariff. Great Basin Transmission South owns 75% of the line. The line runs from the new Robinson Summit Substation in Ely, Nevada to Apex, Nevada connecting with the existing NV Energy Harry Allen Substation, and uses tubular guyed-V towers on a single point foundation.
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The Winklevoss twins (born August 21, 1981; also humorously referred to as the Winklevi or Winklevii) are American rowers and Internet entrepreneurs, Cameron Winklevoss and Tyler Winklevoss. They competed in the men’s pair rowing event at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. They are known for co-founding HarvardConnection (later renamed ConnectU) along with Harvard University classmate Divya Narendra. In 2004, the Winklevoss brothers sued Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg, claiming he stole their ConnectU idea to create the popular social networking site, and ultimately received $65 million.
They are now venture capitalists, and have led a seed funding round for bitcoin payment processor BitInstant. In April 2013, the brothers claimed they owned nearly 1% of all bitcoin in existence at the time.
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Online learning may refer to
E-learning, in education
E-learning (theory)
Online machine learning, in computer science and statistics
Online learning in Higher Education
Massive open online courses
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Juliette Suzanne Thomas (born 7 June 1964) is a British businesswoman and interior designer most known for her TV appearances on BBC programme Dragons’ Den and Channel 4 programme Millionaires’ Mansions. Thomas is the founder and owner of the eponymous interior business, Juliette’s Interiors.
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In computer technology and telecommunications, online indicates a state of connectivity, and offline indicates a disconnected state, specifically an internet connection.
Online and offline are defin Standard 1037C. They are states or conditions of a “device or equipment” or of a “functional unit”. To be considered online, one of the following may apply to a system: it is under the direct control of another device; it is under the direct control of the system with which it is associated; or it is available for immediate use on demand by the system without human intervention.
In contrast, a device that is offline meets none of these criteria (e.g., its main power source is disconnected or turned off, or it is off-power).
The Oxford dictionary defines “online” (sometimes also referenced as “On the Line”) as “controlled by or connected to a computer” and as an activity or service which is “available on or performed using the Internet or other computer network”. The term is utilized within terms such as these: “online identity”, “online predator”, “online gambling”, “online shopping”, “online banking”, and “online learning”. The online context is given to other words by the prefixes “cyber” and “e”, as in the words “cyberspace”, “cybercrime”, “email”, and “ecommerce”.
