In cryptocurrencies, varied parties need to use common rules to maintain the history of the blockchain. A fork refers to a situation when a rule change occurs. Forks have been used in cryptocurrencies in order to add new features to a blockchain or to reverse the effects of hacking or catostrophic bugs on a blockchain as was the case with the bitcoin fork on 6 August 2010 or the fork between Ethereum and Ethereum Classic. Notably, blockchain forks have been widely discussed in the context of the bitcoin scalability problem.
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